Energy and Renewables Insights

India has undertaken significant reforms to unlock growth in the coal sector. The next phase of transformation lies in accelerating the journey from allocation to production through faster mine operationalisation, integrated infrastructure planning, technology-enabled execution, and stronger stakeholder coordination.

Achieving this will require a shift from sequential approvals to parallel execution, supported by digital technologies, robust project governance, and integrated planning across the mining value chain. Modernisation is no longer just about streamlining approvals; it is about delivering outcomes that enhance energy security, strengthen industrial competitiveness, and create sustainable economic value.

India's ability to navigate one of the largest oil market disruptions in recent history highlighted the value of diversified energy sourcing. The next step is even more significant: reducing the need for imported energy altogether. Through initiatives such as Samudra Manthan and GOBARdhan, India is addressing key investment risks across domestic exploration and bioenergy, helping create the conditions for greater private sector participation and long-term energy security.

Abhishek Shah

Partner, C&O-Energy & Infra-P&U
KPMG in India

India's wind sector is gaining momentum. The Green Energy Open Access framework is expanding access to renewable power, while policy measures such as wind-specific renewable consumption obligations are creating new demand.

As EV adoption and energy storage deployment accelerate, building a resilient battery ecosystem will require greater focus on critical mineral security, recycling infrastructure, and circular supply chains.

India's next phase of energy transition will be defined not only by how many batteries it produces, but also by how effectively it recovers, reuses, and recirculates critical materials.

Due to geopolitics as well as very differing resource endowments we are witnessing very different approaches to the energy future. While the US is indexing heavily on hydrocarbons as the world’s largest oil & gas producer, China, India and indeed much of Asia are focused on electrification of everything possible using alternatives to conventional energy.

As EV adoption and energy storage deployment accelerate, building a resilient battery ecosystem will require greater focus on critical mineral security, recycling infrastructure, and circular supply chains.

India's next phase of energy transition will be defined not only by how many batteries it produces, but also by how effectively it recovers, reuses, and recirculates critical materials.

India's fertiliser challenge is often viewed through the lens of supply and pricing. But the larger question is one of strategic resilience. As long as fertiliser production remains closely tied to imported energy, global disruptions will continue to find their way into Indian agriculture. The next phase of self-reliance will come not from managing these shocks better, but from reducing our exposure to them through interventions such as stronger domestic feedstock ecosystems and deeper integration across the energy, fertiliser, and farm value chain.

Hormuz disruptions highlight India’s exposure. Over 88% crude is imported, with about half via the strait. LPG risk is higher.

Nuclear offers reliable, low carbon scale. Reaching 100 GW by 2047 needs 4 to 5 GW annual additions, stronger fuel cycles, supply diversification and talent expansion.